Recently, the Super Bowl competition has been in full swing. This time, Hong Kong star Chen Weijian was selected as the spokesperson for China, and the popularity of the Super Bowl in the country was expanded. The temperature of the NRG Stadium is a bit low, but it can only feel hot at the scene. At the end of the regular time, the Atlanta Falcons made three good shots and the New England Patriots made a good shot. The two sides scored 28-28. The Super Bowl, the top showdown of this American football, was dragged into overtime for the first time. The white-clad New England Patriots eventually defeated the Atlanta Falcon in the red with a 34-28 chance to win the 51st Super Bowl. The Falcons 97 defensive tackle Grady Jarrett couldn't finish the game. The Patriots 12 star quarterback Tom Brady's face turned from gloomy to ecstatic. The results of such an upset game, the United States virtual assistants are predicting success ... Before Microsoft's Bing's machine learning platform predicts: the probability of Patriot winning is 52.3%. You know, Bing had predicted that Hillary's probability of defeating Trump was 90%. Apple Siri predicts that Patriots will beat Falcon with 3 points. Amazon and Google did not participate in the forecast, but they all advertised their own virtual assistant products on the Super Bowl. The other side of the Super Bowl: Behind the big reversal, you haven't seen artificial intelligence. In addition to these peripheral predictions, there is at least one other aspect of the Super Bowl feast that has just ended: Artificial drones. In the midfield performance, when the appearance of Lady Gaga appeared behind the light of the American flag, the composition of this scene is the Intel Shooting Star drone group. However, what you really think you see is just the United States Spring Festival Gala? Artificial intelligence is just an embellishment? Take clothes. This time you take a look at the other side of football. AI Infiltrating Rugby On November 8th last year, a fiery rugby game was held until the third quarter. The 5:21-backed Atlanta Falcons are advancing to the 46-yard line. At this moment, big data company Splunk made a prediction: The Falcons will next resort to the "shotgun formation" and then quarterback Matt Ryan will send a short pass to the left. Finally, in addition to the failure to complete the pass, the Falcons' actions are fully in line with the forecast. Splunk, who made this prediction, had previously entered at least one full year of game data into the computer. Previously, William Burton and Michael Dickey of North Carolina State University established a model to predict how an NFL team will pass and run positions, which is very useful for defensive chief coaches. In a game between the Dallas Cowboys and the Jacksonville Jaguars, this model identified 91.6% of the tactical type. On the other side of the Super Bowl: Behind the big reversal, you haven't seen artificial intelligence PK. The late star player Junior Seau once said, "Rugby is playing chess." Of course, rugby games are not only simple to pass and run, but the next second possible on the court is far more complicated than the possibility of the next step on the board. Chess pieces stand in a square and move in a fixed manner along straight lines or diagonal lines. No one player's action can be so simple. Each tactical call must be completed within the 40-second window period before the attack, which further increases the computational challenge. "It's not really real-time right now," said Stefan Groschupf, founder of big data analytics company Datameer. "The machine can do calculations based on historical data and then make recommendations," but it's still not fast enough. Artificial intelligence is not yet ready to make decisions immediately following the game's dynamics. However, there are two key factors that are driving AI's continued development in football: one is the huge amount of data and the second is huge financial support. Machine Learning and Game Theory Two areas of AI research that are most relevant to football are machine learning and game theory. Yoav Shoham, an Honorary Professor of Computer Science at Stanford University, said that machine learning can also achieve "penalty." Whether it is IBM's Watson, or as early as 2012 can recognize the cat's Google artificial brain from the video, behind the machine learning. From a huge data set, a smart computer can find out the relationship between data, that is, patterns, and learn from past actions and results. After this, the computer can speculate about the future. The effect of this method depends on the size of the data set. The more information available, the smarter the computer. "The future can even simulate the physical condition of each player," Shoham said. "It can also simulate their mental state." However, the data are often isolated islands, and each team keeps its own data secret. In most cases, training is not public because of fear of opponents getting sensitive information. To get the data, you must take some spies. In 2007, the New England Patriots were found guilty of shooting the defensive signal of the New York Jets. The Patriot star coach Bill Belichick was fined $500,000. However, to this day, technological advances have made this attempt seem clumsy and outdated. On the other side of the Super Bowl: Behind the Big Reversal, you don't see the AI ​​PK. The EV-developed Euler Video Enlargement System (EVM) can amplify color shifts and movements in any video. The EVM system can be used to measure the heart rate by changing the tone of the skin. It can measure the heart rate by changing the breathing pattern. It can even reproduce the voice of someone by the vibration caused by the sound in nearby objects. Therefore, in the extreme case, EVM can only rely on TV broadcast signals to infer which players in the opponent team are getting more and more tired, but also can understand the tactical layout of the opponent's coach by reading lip. It is useless to block the mouth with the tactical board. Unlike machine learning, game theory is most effective when information is incomplete. At the mass level, game theory was widely known for its 2001 film The Beautiful Mind, which describes the life of game scientist John Nash. Game theory can guide the team on how to deal with it without knowing how the opponent will act. Matthew O. Jackson, a professor of economics at Stanford University, said that the 2015 Super Bowl is a perfect example. The two sides were New England Patriots and Seattle Seahawks. "The Seahawks can't always pass the ball to the frontrunner Lynch, because the opponent can stare at him," Jackson said. "The Patriots can't think the ball will only be passed to Lynch." Sometimes, you will find that the worse of the two options is actually better. The power of the data When it comes to data, whether it is the New England Patriots or the Atlanta Falcons, the entire NFL has paid great attention to the accumulation of data: from the player's draft of the year, player health, player performance, game preparation to fan participation and other aspects. Since 2014, the NFL has tracked the player’s real-time position, speed, and acceleration on the field through RFID tags on the shoulder pads. The other side of the Super Bowl: behind the big reversal, you don't see AI PKs. These numbers can give coaches and even fans a better understanding of the game. For example, two weeks ago, New England Patriots catcher Chris Hogan and Atlanta Falcons receiver Julio Jones each received nine passes in 180 yards. Only more detailed data are available to illustrate their respective goals. What kind of running route completed the ball. The same data can also show the quarterbacks of two teams, Tom Brady (Patriot) and Matt Ryan (Falcon). The former prefers to pass to the center. The latter prefers to pass on both sides. While the two teams are located in the "red zone" within the top 20 yards of the end zone, the patriots prefer to steadily carry the ball forward, and the Falcons like to take a long pass. The other side of the Super Bowl: Behind the big reversal, you haven't seen artificial intelligence big PK data affecting the Super Bowl much, or the game winning model. This model will give the probability that in certain circumstances, which team will eventually win. For example, the Falcons scored several touchdowns first in the game, and their chances of winning would increase; if patriots sprinted, the probability of winning also would increase. However, these predictions are based on an assumption that what happened in the past will happen again in the future. These analysis of sports data can help business behavior. However, the difference is also obvious. Sports occur under the conditions of clear rules, limited space, and clear processes, and everything happens in sequence. This is not the case in the business world. Robotics In addition to tactical aspects, artificial intelligence is also helping the progress of football at the battle level. Rugby has been controversial in the past decade. Clear research shows that the inherent repeated collisions of this sport can cause rugby players to have concussions and even lead to permanent brain damage. The film "Concussion", which sparked extensive discussions last year, tells a story related to this. This issue has also caused widespread discussion among parents, doctors, and politicians in the United States. How to do? It is obviously not feasible to shut down the entire NFL league. So the scientists came up with a way to create a robot that moves like a player, used as a substitute in daily practice, and can constantly withstand the impact from players, thus effectively reducing the possibility of human players' brain injury. In August last year, the first batch of such robots went offline. They were called MVP. This abbreviation stands for Mobile Virtual Player, a mobile virtual player. The MVP robot can move at a speed of up to 32 km/h. The circuit system can withstand thousands of repeated impacts and is like a moving tumbler on the field. At present, MVP is still under development. In the future, the robot will also be equipped with an onboard system that can locate and map the position on the field, and communicate with each other through different MVPs to form a team. In recent years, the NFL has repeatedly revised its rules in response to questions from the outside world. For example, when any concussive symptoms appear in the game, such as amnesia or dizziness, the athletes must withdraw from the game and receive a “forced observation†of the on-site medical staff for 15 minutes. As well as announcing that helmet-to-helmet collisions are illegal, violators will be punished with 18 bans and huge fines. Conclusion The other side of the Super Bowl: Behind the big reversal, you haven't seen the AI ​​PK. Finally, we're back at the Super Bowl. Behind Lada Gaga's fleet of 300 drones, these drones not only changed the performance, but someday they will change search, rescue, agriculture and so on. Like all other sports, rugby has always been driven by science and technology. In the past few years, the most advantageous technology has been driven by artificial intelligence. Regardless of how much help artificial intelligence brings, whether it is noticed, or whether someone will be excited, some people will be puzzled, some will be afraid, some will object. For these, I don't know what AI thinks. Perhaps, suddenly, I would like to make two poems. Unexpectedly, behind such sports events as the Super Bowl, there are so many big data and artificial intelligence technologies hidden. It must be said that the development of science and technology is amazing. One day, artificial intelligence will bring disruptive changes to our lives.
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