The electrical and electronic industry is a very important basic industry, with a wide range of products. The product categories mainly include: motors, generators and transformers; transmission and distribution equipment and control appliances; insulated wires and cables; batteries, primary batteries And battery packs; lighting and electric lights; electrical equipment for engines and vehicles, and other electrical equipment.
Basic characteristics of the market
In 2004, the output value of the EU electrical and electronic industry increased by 4.1% over the previous year, the market size increased by 2.4%, the number of electricians in the EU with more than 20 people was 8,070, the number of people in the industry was about 1.087 million, and the total output value of the industry was about 177.090 billion. EUR. Since the main users of electrical products are power, petrochemical, coal, metallurgy, construction, machinery and other industrial sectors, the cyclical characteristics of the electrical industry market are outstanding. When the overall economy of the EU is weak, the electrical industry will decline. For example, the economic weakness in 1992 and 1993 led to the crisis in the EU electrical industry. As a knowledge-intensive industry, the electrical industry needs a large number of engineers and skilled workers. However, when the EU economy is in recession, a large number of engineers and technicians have left the electrician enterprise, which brings great difficulties to the recovery of the electrical industry. The development of the EU electrical industry. The steady changes in the structure of the electrical industry are very important to the development of the industry. Due to the influence of 1992 and 1993, the annual growth rate of the EU electrical industry in 1995-2004 has been hovering around 3%.
Market demand structure
In 2004, the EU electrical and electronic market reached 166.226 billion euros, the world's largest electrical and electronic market, followed by the United States and Japan, with 96.213 billion euros and 85.452 billion euros. In the European Union, transmission and distribution equipment and control electrical products account for the largest proportion of electrical and electronic products, accounting for about 27%, followed by motors, generators and transformers, accounting for about 22%. From the market changes in the EU in the past 10 years, only two types of electrical products have maintained long-term growth: engines, generators and transformers; and other electrical equipment. In the 10 years from 1995 to 2004, EU motors, generators and transformers increased by 73.86%%, and electrical equipment and other electrical equipment for engines and vehicles increased by 54.6% and 54.3% respectively. Transmission and distribution equipment and control appliances The growth rate was 23.77%, and the lighting equipment and lamps increased by 18.1%. In the same period, the battery and battery packs only increased by 1.9%, while the wire and cable category decreased by 8.1%.
Production status
The most competitive electrical and electronic products in the EU are large generators and transformers as well as special purpose electric motors. The EU's advantages in small motors and standard motors are disappearing. Between 2002 and 2004, the production of motors, generators and transformers in the European Union has been in a state of paralysis, and the same trend has occurred in the production of batteries and batteries. The main reason is that the technology of these types of electrical products is relatively mature and has become a labor force. Relatively intensive products, the EU countries have shifted the production of these products to Eastern European countries and Asian countries.
Product import and export
The EU plays a pivotal role in the global trade in electrical and electronic products. In 2004, the total export value of EU electrical and electronic products was 103.646 billion euros, the total import value was 91.966 billion euros, and the trade surplus was 11.68 billion euros. Among the total exports, the export value to countries outside the EU was 48.629 billion euros, accounting for the export of electrical and electronic products. 46.92% of the amount. In recent years, its import and export volume has far exceeded that of the United States and Japan.
Among the electrical and electronic products imported by the EU in 2004, the import volume of transmission and distribution equipment and control electrical products reached the largest, reaching 24.08 billion euros, accounting for 26% of imports, followed by motors, generators and transformers. The import value was 185.4. One hundred million euros, about 20%. From 2000 to 2004, the import volume of electrical equipment, lighting equipment, electric lights and other electrical equipment for engines and vehicles in various types of electrical and electronic equipment imports in the EU has been growing, while the import volume of other products is Downtrend.
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