1. Understand the basic principles of electricity and motor operation. Don't just memorize, but truly grasp the concepts. For example, know that a 1KW motor typically draws around 2A, understand forward and reverse control, star-delta connection methods, and wire capacity. Be familiar with the characteristics of resistance, inductance, and capacitance, as these are fundamental to electrical systems.
2. Master both hydraulic and pneumatic systems. Learn how pressure converts to other units, and how pressure relates to current in control systems. This knowledge is essential for designing and troubleshooting pressure-based controls.
3. Be able to identify wire cross-sections at a glance. Know how many square millimeters a wire has just by looking, and understand which types of wires should be used in different applications. For instance, a motor may require four wires—three main lines and one ground. Use shielded cables when connecting to an inverter to reduce interference.
4. Be capable of machine repair, especially dealing with screws. Know how to use internal angle wrenches or hex keys quickly. Don’t underestimate the importance of these tools—many repairs rely on them, and being proficient can save you a lot of time.
5. Learn to program PLCs through simulation. Start with simple projects like traffic light control or conveyor belt automation. This helps build a solid foundation in logic and control systems.
6. Be humble and open-minded. No one can know everything. Stay willing to learn from others and continuously improve your skills.
7. Keep a positive mindset and maintain a calm, professional attitude. Challenges are part of the job, and staying level-headed helps you make better decisions.
8. Work hard and take initiative. Practical experience is key to mastering technical skills. Don’t just rely on theory—get your hands dirty, solve real problems, and keep learning from each project.
9. Be familiar with the four major PLC brands and their instruction sets. Know both basic and advanced functions, as they are widely used in industrial automation.
10. Understand communication interfaces such as RS-232, RS-485, Ethernet, and Modbus. These are crucial for connecting devices and exchanging data in modern systems.
11. Know the electrical market well. Be able to distinguish good quality components from poor ones. For example, if you're buying a used 40-point PLC, know how to test it and determine if it's reliable.
12. Understand inverters and microcontrollers, including frequency control and servo control. These are essential in motor control and automation systems.
13. Be familiar with common electrical components and sensors, such as relays, contactors, photoelectric sensors, and temperature sensors. Knowing how they work will help you troubleshoot and design systems more effectively.
14. Learn to read and create electrical drawings using CAD software. This skill is vital for documenting and communicating system designs.
15. Be proficient in office automation tools like Microsoft Office, especially Excel and Word, which are often used for documentation, reports, and project management.
By combining theoretical knowledge with hands-on practice and a proactive attitude, you'll become a well-rounded electrical technician or engineer. Always stay curious, keep learning, and never stop improving your skills.
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