With the rapid growth of the new energy vehicle industry, traditional automakers are increasingly shifting their focus toward electric vehicles. Despite this progress, several technical challenges remain unresolved, and one of the most pressing issues is the development of a reliable charging infrastructure. The expansion of charging facilities is progressing well, but there are still objective factors that hinder its full potential.
Mr. Wu, a resident of Fuyang District in Hefei, recently faced a tough decision when considering switching to an electric vehicle. “There are too few public charging stations,†he said. “Even though the cost is attractive, I have to wait for a long time.†His experience reflects the widespread concern among electric vehicle owners—range anxiety.
The construction of charging infrastructure remains a major obstacle in promoting electric vehicles. According to the Provincial Energy Bureau, charging infrastructure includes all types of charging and replacement facilities that supply power to electric vehicles. It is a crucial element in supporting the development of the new energy automobile industry. To address these challenges, the government emphasizes the importance of "charging" as a priority, calling for strategic planning, efficient layout, and the establishment of a comprehensive service system. This will help reduce charging times and expand service coverage, making electric vehicles more practical for daily use.
Recently, Anhui Province launched the "Anhui Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure Construction Plan (2017-2020)" to accelerate the development of charging infrastructure and promote large-scale adoption of electric vehicles. By 2020, the country is expected to have over 5 million electric vehicles, requiring the installation of 3,848 bus replacement stations, 4.291 million private charging stations, and 500,000 public charging piles.
In recent years, Anhui has made significant progress in building charging infrastructure, with multiple investment entities involved. A diverse range of construction and operation models have emerged, including car-driven, operator-led, and shared usage systems. By the end of 2016, the province had built 21,500 charging piles, with 10,300 being public ones. The ratio of public charging piles to electric vehicles was 1:3, higher than the national average, laying a solid foundation for electric vehicle adoption.
However, challenges remain. For instance, the construction of residential charging infrastructure is slow due to issues like limited parking spaces and property management resistance. Additionally, supportive policies are not yet fully developed, and market maturity is still lacking, which creates obstacles for effective government oversight.
By 2020, the plan aims to meet the charging needs of more than 200,000 electric vehicles. This includes building 200 special charging and replacement stations for buses, 100 for sanitation and logistics, 130 urban public charging stations, 30,000 decentralized public piles, 150,000 private-use piles, and 170 intercity fast-charging stations. The total investment is expected to reach 10 billion yuan, with an estimated electricity consumption of 3.3 billion kWh from 2017 to 2020, replacing 3 million tons of fuel.
Despite the progress, challenges persist. For example, the coordination between infrastructure development and electric vehicle adoption is still inadequate. Charging facilities are mainly concentrated in Hefei and Wuhu, while other cities lag behind. The utilization rate of existing charging infrastructure is low, and many areas still face long waiting times.
To improve the situation, the plan encourages the integration of charging infrastructure into urban planning, ensuring adequate land and grid access. It also promotes the development of smart monitoring, metering, and billing systems, aiming to enhance the overall efficiency and user experience.
Moreover, the provincial government recognizes the need to strengthen support policies to ease consumer concerns about purchasing electric vehicles. This includes improving safety standards, addressing fire protection issues, and establishing fair profit-sharing mechanisms between operators and site managers.
Looking ahead, the plan sets clear targets for both urban and rural areas. By 2020, 120,000 residential self-use charging piles will be installed, and public parking spaces in residential areas will be equipped with at least 10% charging infrastructure. New residential areas and old neighborhoods in Hefei and Wuhu will be required to include charging facilities.
For public charging stations, the plan mandates that transportation hubs, cultural and sports centers, green spaces, and tourist attractions must have sufficient charging piles. New public parking lots should have at least 20% of their spaces designated for charging. Expressway service areas will also be equipped with charging facilities to support long-distance travel.
Overall, the plan outlines a comprehensive strategy to overcome the challenges of electric vehicle adoption, focusing on infrastructure development, policy support, and consumer confidence. With continued efforts, the goal of a sustainable and efficient electric vehicle ecosystem is within reach.
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