This paper introduces an intelligent LED lighting control system that leverages Internet of Things (IoT) technology to overcome the limitations of traditional wired and mechanical control methods. By embedding an intelligent control module directly into the LED lighting terminal, the system integrates advanced technologies such as embedded systems and wireless sensor networks. This approach enables smart, digital, and wireless control of lighting, while also allowing real-time monitoring of environmental parameters like temperature, humidity, and illuminance.
Overview
As LED lighting becomes more widespread and mobile internet technology advances rapidly, there is a growing demand for smart, energy-efficient, and connected home environments. People are increasingly adopting wireless devices such as smart appliances, lighting fixtures, and security systems, which are integrated into centralized control platforms for seamless intelligent management and control.
With the rapid growth of the IoT industry, smart LED lighting has become a crucial component of modern smart homes. This article presents an intelligent LED lighting control system designed to support the concept of "Green Smart Lighting." Utilizing IoT and embedded technologies, it enables wireless remote control of various lighting modes, along with real-time monitoring of ambient light levels and the operational status of LED lamps. Additionally, the system employs sensor technology to dynamically adjust illumination and switch between different color temperatures, creating a comfortable, energy-saving, and safe lighting environment. Figure 1 illustrates the system architecture.
System Hardware Design
The hardware design of the system consists of two main components: the LED lamp control terminal and the touch panel, both of which are responsible for enabling intelligent lighting control. These components include a control module, communication module, LED driver module, and power supply unit.
(1) Main Control Unit Hardware Design
The main control unit is composed of two key parts: the LED lighting control terminal and the data acquisition terminal. The LED lamp control terminal uses an ARM-based STM32 microcontroller as its core, supported by a power supply circuit, peripheral circuits, and an illumination sensor. The data acquisition terminal includes sensors for temperature, humidity, illuminance, and PM2.5. A schematic diagram of the hardware circuit is shown in Figure 2.
(2) Touch Panel Hardware Design
The touch panel is built around the STM8S series ARM processor, which features a built-in touch software library. This allows capacitive touch sensing by utilizing the charge transfer properties of capacitors. In the system, the touch panel is used to control LED switches and adjust brightness via a scroll bar. The circuit schematic is illustrated in Figure 3.
(3) ZigBee Wireless Communication Module Design
To enable centralized management and environmental monitoring, the system incorporates a ZigBee wireless communication module based on IoT technology. The CC2530 module is used, which is a true system-on-chip (SoC) solution from Texas Instruments. It combines a high-performance 2.4GHz DSSS RF transceiver with an efficient 8051 controller, offering low cost, low power consumption, and strong adaptability for frequency-based applications.
(4) Power Module Design
Given that the system is intended for home use, where the primary power source is 220V AC, the power module is designed using multiple discrete components to generate various regulated DC voltages. The 220V AC is first converted to 12V DC using a switching power supply. Then, the 12V DC is stepped down to 5V using the LM2576 voltage regulator, which can handle up to 3A loads with excellent performance. The 5V is further regulated to 3.3V using the AMS1117, which provides stable 1A output. These power supplies are essential for powering the CPU and other components of the system. Circuit diagrams for the 5V and 3.3V power supplies are shown in Figures 4 and 5 respectively.
System Software Design
The software of the system is designed to collect and transmit data related to LED lighting and environmental conditions. Using a ZigBee wireless network, it enables centralized management, data collection, and control of LED lamps. This ensures a reliable and efficient smart lighting solution.
Conclusion
Through theoretical research and practical implementation, this paper presents an intelligent LED lighting system that adjusts brightness and color based on LED characteristics. By integrating brightness and human detection sensors, the system achieves smart, digital, and networked lighting. The design is both functional and scalable, meeting the needs of modern LED applications. It offers significant energy savings and has strong potential for real-world deployment and market success.
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