Effective use of network storage technology is an important part of any data storage management strategy. Relying only on hard disks, JBOD and other types of local storage is not enough to protect the integrity of critical business data. Network storage at this time really shows great power It can not only accommodate the business data generated by the server, but also the data generated by the PC, and provide good protection for the data.
Many network storage vendors provide partner programs, including companies such as HP, EMC, Dell, IBM, and NetApp, but the most important thing is to understand each technology that constitutes a storage network, such as NAS gateway, Fibre Channel SAN, RAID array Wait, although you can go to encyclopedia sites to learn about them one by one, but I still intend to use this article to make a unified introduction. If you do n’t know the network storage technologies introduced in this article, in order to avoid talking about the topic of storage networking If you don't speak, let's study harder and learn more, otherwise it will be OUT.
NAS system
The full name of NAS is a network-attached storage system. File storage and access need to go through a local area network (LAN). NAS devices allow multiple servers or PCs to access files stored on it via LAN. Ethernet technology, TCP / IP is usually used. Protocol, NAS also supports adding additional storage via Fibre Channel or SCSI-based switches.
In the traditional NAS architecture, when the disk space of existing devices is exhausted, users must add additional NAS devices, and only a few high-end products allow capacity expansion.
NAS Gateway
The NAS gateway uses the capacity on the external storage array to provide scalable data storage. In essence, the NAS gateway is a diskless file server. It uses other storage arrays, mainly SAN arrays, to provide expanded storage capacity.
SAN architecture
The storage area network (SAN) architecture connects multiple servers in the network to a central disk storage library consisting of one or more storage arrays. You can view the entire network storage as a single resource, which greatly improves the system. Management and data backup work.
NAS gateways use front-end Ethernet switches to connect to servers in the LAN, and connect to RAID arrays through Fibre Channel or other back-end protocols.
The SAN connects the server to the array through Fibre Channel or other types of network switches. It provides block-level data storage.
Fibre Channel
Fibre Channel is one of the main network technologies that carry IP and other protocols in the SAN. Its main function is to transfer data requests from the server to the disk array. The Fibre Channel switch in the SAN is used to connect the server and the storage array.
Fibre Channel Protocol (FCP) is a transmission protocol similar to TCP. It sends SCSI commands to Fibre Channel frames. Fibre Channel provides a high-performance storage network. However, due to the high cost of components, it has gradually been replaced by other protocols. The most promising is the iSCSI protocol.
FCoE
The full name of FCoE is Fibre Channel based on Ethernet. It is a storage network protocol that allows Fibre Channel frames to be sent over Ethernet. IP communications and Fibre Channel communications use the same Ethernet port.
In addition to increasing the transmission speed, FCoE also reduces the number and cost of cables required by the SAN.
HBA
The full name of the HBA is the host bus adapter. It is a pluggable card that connects the host computer to the network / storage device and supports multiple storage network protocols. The HBA is usually an expansion card, such as a PCI Express card, which is inserted into the bus of the host computer to transfer SCSI. Or FC agreement.
IP storage
IP storage uses the IP protocol to connect to a remote SAN. In a Fibre Channel SAN, the IP protocol is used to send FC frames in IP packets. For non-Fibre Channel SANs, the iSCSI protocol is used to convert SCSI data into IP packets.
RAID
The full name of RAID is an independent redundant disk array. Normally, it requires multiple disks to improve performance and fault redundancy, to ensure that a disk failure will not lose data. Some RAID also allows two or more disk failures, generally In general, any RAID array contains several terabytes of storage capacity and several megabytes of cache.
Due to the different methods used for fault redundancy, RAID is divided into multiple levels, such as mirroring and data striping across disks.
LANfree backup
LANfree backup refers to backing up data to storage arrays, tape libraries or other storage devices without going through a LAN or WAN network, so as to avoid data backup communication adversely affecting network speed. The most common method of LANfree backup is to connect servers to SAN provides disk-based backup through a fiber channel network to provide backup efficiency and reduce network traffic in the LAN.
Block storage
Block-level storage refers to reading files from disk / writing files to disk, operating on consecutive bytes of predefined length instead of complete files. In a SAN, the disk is located outside the server, and read / write is in blocks At the level of execution, the IP protocol can be used to extend block-level access to remote locations. Block-level access ensures that network users do not have to manage data and allows network administrators to specify where data is stored to solve performance problems.
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