With the increasingly close integration of Internet technologies with information appliances and industrial control technologies, the combination of embedded devices and the Internet has become an irresistible trend. During this period, new microprocessors emerged in an endless stream, requiring the design of the embedded operating system to be more portable and support more microprocessors. The development of embedded systems requires powerful hardware development tools and software support packages. The new technologies and concepts used on general-purpose computers are gradually being transplanted into embedded systems, such as embedded databases, mobile agents, and real-time CORBA. All kinds of embedded Linux operating systems have developed rapidly under the joint development of millions of fans around the world. Due to the open source code, small system kernel, high execution efficiency, strong network function, and friendly multimedia human-computer interaction interface, Very suitable for the needs of embedded systems such as information appliances.
Technical characteristics of an embedded system
Early embedded system design methods usually adopted the "hardware first" principle, that is, in the case of only roughly estimating the software task requirements, the hardware design and implementation were first performed. Then, software design is performed on this hardware platform. Therefore, it is difficult to achieve the best performance by making full use of hardware and software resources. At the same time, once the design needs to be modified, the entire design process will be re-engineered, which has a significant impact on cost and design cycle. This traditional design method can only improve the performance of the software/hardware. It is impossible to optimize the performance of the system in a limited design space, which depends to a large extent on the designer's experience and repeated experiments.
Since the 1990s, with the increasing power and miniaturization of electronic systems, hardware and software are no longer two separate concepts, but closely integrated and influential. Therefore, a hardware and software codesign design method has been developed, which uses a unified method and tool to describe, synthesize and verify software and hardware. Under the guidance of the system target requirements, through the comprehensive analysis of system hardware and software functions and existing resources, collaborative design of hardware and software architecture to maximize the system hardware and software capabilities, to avoid the various software and hardware architecture due to independent design Disadvantages, get high performance and low cost optimization design.
The development trend of the second embedded system
Driven by the development of network, communication, microelectronics, and the strong demand for unstoppable digital information products, embedded technology has broad space for development and innovation.
(1) System requirements for low power consumption, high performance and high reliability are an opportunity for China's chip design. Domestic CPUs, system-on-chip (SoC), and on-chip network systems (NoC) led by embedded processors will have great development.
(2) Linux is gradually becoming the mainstream of embedded operating systems; J2ME technology will also have a profound impact on the development of embedded software. At present, free software technology is favored and has greatly promoted the development of software technology. The embedded operating system kernel not only needs to have basic features such as miniaturization and high real-time performance, but also develops toward high credibility, adaptability, and component componentization; supporting the development environment will be more integrated, automated, and user-friendly; Software support for wireless communications and energy management will become increasingly important. In recent years, operating systems developed to enable embedded devices to more effectively support Web services have been introduced. This kind of operating system adopts component-oriented and middleware technology in architecture, which provides support for dynamic loading of application software and hardware, so-called "plug and play", which overcomes the limitations of previous embedded operating systems. A clear advantage.
(3) Java virtual machine and embedded Java will become a powerful tool for developing embedded systems. The multimedia of embedded systems will become a reality. Its application in the network environment is an irresistible trend and will occupy the dominant position of network access equipment.
(4) The combination of embedded systems, artificial intelligence and pattern recognition technology will develop a variety of more humane and intelligent actual systems. Smart phones, digital TV, and embedded applications for automotive electronics are the entry points for this opportunity. With the development of network technology and grid computing, "ubiquitous computing" centered on embedded mobile devices will become a reality.
Application of three embedded systems in robot technology
Robotics has been widely used both in industrial control and in the commercial sector. From traditional industrial robots used in production and processing to modern entertainment robots that enrich the public life, they are inseparable from embedded systems. Most of the existing robots use a single-chip microcomputer as the control unit. The 8-bit and 16-bit are the most common, the processing speed is low, there is no operating system, and the rich multi-tasking function cannot be realized. The potential of the system is not fully explored. application.
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