Application and Development of New Sensors in Rail Transit

Application and Development of New Sensors in Rail Transit The biggest promotion of sensor technology for urban rail transit is in wireless sensor network technology, infrared sensor technology, force sensor, gas sensor, speed sensor and photoelectric sensor technology, and other new sensor fields, not just traditional sensor fields such as current sensors and voltage sensors. . Wang Zuohe, deputy chief engineer, senior engineer and international project management expert of China Railway Electrification Survey, Design and Research Institute Co., Ltd. pointed out: “In the metro field, there are some toxic gas sensors related to ventilation and air conditioning, such as temperature and humidity and CO2 sensors, and anti-terrorism. Both quantity and technical content are high.

In the field of high-speed EMUs, the demand for sensors related to monitoring and recharging of oxygen in enclosed cars, earthquakes, speed monitoring, shaft temperature detection, loosening of joints, and monitoring of foreign objects is very high. These technologies are still in continuous development and improvement. in. Anti-theft sensors, such as high-voltage glass breakage, mis-entry, and cable theft sensors are all important. Wang Shuhe further pointed out that these sensors are closely related to system equipment and personal safety.

In air conditioning systems of urban rail transit vehicles, sensors and electronic thermostats are often used in conjunction with temperature control. Thermostats use electronic regulators. Sensors are used for temperature detection. Thermocouples or thermistors are generally used as sensors. In the passenger compartment, due to human respiration, the content of carbon dioxide (CO2) will increase. When it increases to a certain concentration, it will affect people's health. Harmful gases, etc., generated by passengers in the car will also cause air in the vehicle. When it becomes dirty, it requires fresh air from the outside world and a certain replacement of the air in the vehicle. Therefore, the accurate detection of gas by the sensor is particularly important.

Since two subway stations in Washington, USA, started a sensor capable of detecting chemical toxicants in January 2005, more and more subway stations have begun to use sensing technology to ensure the safe operation of rail transit. After the 2008 Beijing Olympics, many cities in China have stipulated that rail transit stations should be forced to place sensors for the detection of explosives and toxic and hazardous chemicals. Since the wireless sensor network includes many types of sensors that can detect, including earthquakes, electromagnetic, temperature, humidity, noise, light intensity, pressure, soil composition, size, speed, and direction of moving objects, it becomes a rail transit security assurance system. The main sensor technology.

Wireless sensor networks are one of the hot and difficult issues in contemporary science and technology. Wireless sensor networks consist of a large number of randomly deployed sensor nodes. They can quickly form an adaptive network topology and perform cooperative sensing and processing of distributed dynamic information. The formation of incomplete and limited autonomous information systems is the remote nerve endings of human beings. Shanghai Microsystems has tackled many key technologies and prototypes in MEMS sensors, chips, nodes, networks, and collaborative processing of wireless sensor networks. It randomly deploys networking, a variety of clustering networking, network architecture, and a variety of Significant progress has been made in communications systems and virtual MIMO. Some critical technologies in the field of blind source separation, multi-objective collaborative identification, tracking and positioning of sensor networks are at the world's advanced level, and they have been applied to certain major needs in light of the major national needs.

Another important application of sensors to ensure the safety of rail transit is the use of screen doors. In the past, there have been many incidents where passengers were caught between screen doors and train doors. More and more rail transit stations are now being installed or planned to install. Infrared sensors or light sensors to prevent passengers from becoming "sandwich biscuits". The country’s vigorous investment in rail transit construction will further stimulate the development of the sensor market. In addition to the above-mentioned sensors, it also includes machine vision sensors, which are used as the shield machine sensors for the highest underground construction equipment.

With the further development of the sensor market, more and more sensor manufacturers have joined the market. The competition in the traditional fields such as the automotive industry has become increasingly fierce, and the blue ocean markets such as new energy and rail transit are also growing. Accordingly, the market demand for signal processing, display, and use of sensors will bring information processing to further increase. . Whether the sensor manufacturers can keep up with the market demand, continue to expand the business blue ocean, improve their technical strength, will become the key to development breakthroughs in 2009 and after a period of time.

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